测试硬盘IO性能的工具

hdparm - get/set hard disk parameters
测量使用bufferedIO(默认)的throughput

$ sudo hdparm -t  /dev/sda1 
/dev/sda1:
 Timing buffered disk reads:  344 MB in  3.00 seconds = 114.55 MB/sec

测量使用directIO的throughput

$ sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/sda1 
/dev/sda1:
 Timing O_DIRECT disk reads:  572 MB in  3.01 seconds = 190.08 MB/sec

iozone - benchmark filesystem
使用directio (-I), 一共1m个record (-s 1m), 每个record 大小为4kB (-r 4k), 分64个线程来读(-t 64), 使用POSIX pthread (-T). benchmark的类型由-i指定
0=write/rewrite,
1=read/re-read,
2=random-read/write,
3=Read-backwards,
4=Re-write-record,
5=stride-read,
6=fwrite/re-fwrite,
7=fread/Re-fread,
8=random_mix,
9=pwrite/Re-pwrite,
10=pread/Re-pread,
11=pwritev/Re-pwritev,
12=preadv/Re-preadv

/localfs$ iozone -I -s 1m -r 4k -i 0 -i 2 -t 64 -T
 Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O
         Version $Revision: 3.308 $
  Compiled for 64 bit mode.
  Build: linux 

 Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins
              Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss
              Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR,
              Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner,
              Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy,
              Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root.

 Run began: Wed Apr 20 18:07:37 2011

 O_DIRECT feature enabled
 File size set to 1024 KB
 Record Size 4 KB
 Command line used: iozone -I -s 1m -r 4k -i 0 -i 2 -t 64 -T
 Output is in Kbytes/sec
 Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds.
 Processor cache size set to 1024 Kbytes.
 Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes.
 File stride size set to 17 * record size.
 Throughput test with 64 threads
 Each thread writes a 1024 Kbyte file in 4 Kbyte records

 Children see throughput for 64 initial writers  =   69712.78 KB/sec
 Parent sees throughput for 64 initial writers  =   53411.80 KB/sec
 Min throughput per thread    =     929.10 KB/sec 
 Max throughput per thread    =    1169.92 KB/sec
 Avg throughput per thread    =    1089.26 KB/sec
 Min xfer      =     820.00 KB

 Children see throughput for 64 rewriters  =   68695.96 KB/sec
 Parent sees throughput for 64 rewriters  =   67008.63 KB/sec
 Min throughput per thread    =     844.21 KB/sec 
 Max throughput per thread    =    1173.81 KB/sec
 Avg throughput per thread    =    1073.37 KB/sec
 Min xfer      =     744.00 KB

 Children see throughput for 64 random readers  =   79020.74 KB/sec
 Parent sees throughput for 64 random readers  =   78204.49 KB/sec
 Min throughput per thread    =    1117.41 KB/sec 
 Max throughput per thread    =    1314.01 KB/sec
 Avg throughput per thread    =    1234.70 KB/sec
 Min xfer      =     872.00 KB

 Children see throughput for 64 random writers  =   44820.63 KB/sec
 Parent sees throughput for 64 random writers  =   38207.94 KB/sec
 Min throughput per thread    =     647.45 KB/sec 
 Max throughput per thread    =     748.67 KB/sec
 Avg throughput per thread    =     700.32 KB/sec
 Min xfer      =     888.00 KB



iozone test complete.